562 research outputs found
Premature mortality in refractory partial epilepsy: does surgical treatment make a difference?
Background: Epilepsy carries an increased risk of premature death. For some people with intractable focal epilepsy, surgery offers hope for a seizure-free life. The authors aimed to see whether epilepsy surgery influenced mortality in people with intractable epilepsy. Methods: The authors audited survival status in two cohorts (those who had surgery and those who had presurgical assessment but did not have surgery). Results: There were 40 known deaths in the non-surgical group (3365 person years of follow-up) and 19 in the surgical group (3905 person-years of follow-up). Non-operated patients were 2.4 times (95% CI 1.4 to 4.2) as likely to die as those who had surgery. They were 4.5 times (95% CI 1.9 to 10.9) as likely to die a probable epilepsy-related death. In the surgical group, those with ongoing seizures 1 year after surgery were 4.0 (95% CI 1.2 to 13.7) times as likely to die as those who were seizure-free or who had only simple partial seizures. Time-dependent Cox analysis showed that the yearly outcome group did not significantly affect mortality (HR 1.3, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.8). Conclusion: Successful epilepsy surgery was associated with a reduced risk of premature mortality, compared with those with refractory focal epilepsy who did not have surgical treatment. To some extent, the reduced mortality is likely to be conferred by inducing freedom from seizures. It is not certain whether better survival is attributable only to surgery, as treatment decisions were not randomised, and there may be inherent differences between the groups.<br/
Intrinsic thermal interfacial resistance measurement in bonded metal-polymer foils
Heat conduction through bonded metalâpolymer interfaces often limits the overall heat transfer in electronic packaging, batteries, and heat recovery systems. To design the thermal circuit in such systems, it is essential to measure the thermal interfacial resistance (TIR) across âź1 Âľm to 100 Âľm junctions. Previously reported TIR of metalâpolymer junctions utilize ASTM E1530-based two-block systems that measure the TIR by applying pressure across the interface through external heating and cooling blocks. Here, we report a novel modification of the ASTM-E1530 technique that employs integrated heaters and sensors to provide an intrinsic TIR measurement of an adhesively bonded metalâpolymer junction. We design the measurement technique using finite element simulations to either passively suppress or actively compensate the lateral heat diffusion through the polymer, which can minimize the systematic error to â˛5%. Through proof-of-concept experiments, we report the TIR of metalâpolymer interfaces made from DuPontâs Pyralux double-side copper-clad laminates, commonly used in flexible printed circuit boards. Our TIR measurement errors are <10%. We highlight additional sources of errors due to non-idealities in the experiment and discuss possible ways to overcome them. Our measurement technique is also applicable to interfaces that are electrically insulating such as adhesively joined metalâmetal junctions and sputter-coated or welded metalâpolymer junctions. Overall, the technique is capable of measuring TIR âł10â5 m2 KWâ1 in bonded metalâpolymer foils and can be tailored for in situ measurements in flexible electronics, circuit packaging, and other hybrid metalâpolymer systems.DE-EE0008312Ope
Integrated analysis for genotypic adaptation in rice
Development of varieties with high yield potential coupled with wide
adaptability is an important plant breeding objective. The presence of
genotype by environment (GxE) interaction plays a crucial role in
determining the performance of genetic materials, tested at different
locations and in different years. This study was undertaken to assess
yield performance, stability and adaptability of thirty-six rice
genotypes of three different maturity groups evaluated over 12
environments. There were highly significant (P<0.05)
genotype-environment interaction in three different maturity groups.
The AMMI analysis of variance in the maturity groups also showed
significant genotype, location and G\ub4L. Stability in yield
performance was predicted using nine stability parameters (b, S2d , CV,
SF, R1, R2, W, S1 and ASV). The rank correlation coefficient among nine
parameters indicated that the stability parameters were dissimilar in
for all the maturity groups. Stability index (STI) computed by
integrating all the nine stability parameters indicated that genotypes
Lalat and OR 2006-12 of mid-early group, genotypes OR 1912-25, OR
2310-12 and MTU 1001 of mid-late group, and genotypes OR 1898-3-16, OR
1901-14-32, OR 2109-2, OR 2001-1, Mahanadi and Jagabandhu of late group
yielded higher consistently over the 3 years in the different
agroclimatic zones.Le d\ue9veloppement de vari\ue9t\ue9s \ue0 potentiel
\ue9lev\ue9 de rendement coupl\ue9 \ue0 une large
adaptabilit\ue9 est un objectif important de l'am\ue9lioration des
plantes. La pr\ue9sence de g\ue9notype par interaction avec
l'environnement (GxE) joue un r\uf4le crucial dans la
d\ue9termination des performances de mat\ue9riels
g\ue9n\ue9tiques test\ue9s dans diff\ue9rentes localisations et
dans des ann\ue9es diff\ue9rentes. Cette'\ue9tude \ue9tait
entreprise pour \ue9valuer la performance en rendement, la
stabilit\ue9 et l'adaptabilit\ue9 de trente six g\ue9notypes de
riz de trois groupes de maturit\ue9 diff\ue9rente
\ue9valu\ue9es sur 12 environnements. L'interaction
g\ue9notype-environnement \ue9tait significativement
\ue9lev\ue9 (P<0.05) dans trois groupes de maturit\ue9
diff\ue9rente. L'analyse AMM de la variance dans les groupes de
maturit\ue9 avait aussi montr\ue9 un effet significatif du
g\ue9notype, localisation et G'L. La stabilit\ue9 en performance de
rendement \ue9tait pr\ue9dite utilisant neuf param\ue8tres de
stabilit\ue9 (b, S2d, CV, SF, R1, R2, W, S1 et ASV). Le rang du
co\ue9fficient de corr\ue9lation parmi les neuf param\ue8tres a
indiqu\ue9 que les param\ue8tres de stabilit\ue9\ue9taient
dissemblables pour tous les groupes de maturit\ue9. L'index de
stabilit\ue9 (STI) calcul\ue9 en int\ue9grant tous les neuf
param\ue8tres de stabilit\ue9 a indiqu\ue9 que les g\ue9notypes
Lalat et OR 2006-12 du mi-premier groupe, les g\ue9notypes OR
1912-25, OR 2310-12 et MTU 1001 du mi-dernier groupe et les
g\ue9notypes OR 1898-3-16, OR 1901-14-32, OR 2109-2, OR 2001-1,
Mahanadi et Jagabandhu du dernier groupe ont produit
consid\ue9rablement de rendements tr\ue8s \ue9lev\ue9s au cours
des 3 ans dans diff\ue9rentes zones agroclimatiques
A modular focal plane detector system for the heavy ion reaction analyzer at NSC, New Delhi
A detector system has been developed for the focal plane of the HIRA. It consists of two independent detectors, a low-pressure multiwire proportional counter (LP-MWPC) followed by a split-anode ionization detector. Details of the design and test results are presented. Using slow preamplifiers, the position resolution is âĽ1 mm and the time resolution is estimated to be 1.5 ns for the LP-MWPC. The ionization detector gives 2.4% energy resolution for 150 MeV 28Si scattered off a gold target and the ÎZ/Z obtained for 28Si+27Al is 1/42 for Z=14. Some results for fusion and transfer studies for the 48Ti+58Ni and 28Si+68Zn systems, respectively, at energies around the Coulomb barrier, are presented to highlight the performance of the detector system
Possible test for CPT invariance with correlated neutral B decays
We study breakdown of symmetry which can occur in the decay process with being a CP eigenstate. In this process, the
standard model expectations for time ordered semi-leptonic and hadronic events,
i.e. which of the two decays takes place first, can be altered in the case that
there is a violation of the symmetry. To illustrate this possibility, we
identify and study several time integrated observables. We find that an
experiment with pairs, has the capability for improving the
bound on violating parameter or perhaps observe violation.Comment: Revised version to be published in PR
Influence of enhanced melt supply on upper crustal structure at a mid-ocean ridge discontinuity: A three-dimensional seismic tomographic study of 9°N East Pacific Rise
We present a three-dimensional upper crustal model of the 9°03â˛N overlapping spreading center (OSC) on the East Pacific Rise that assists in understanding the relationship between melt sills and upper crustal structure at a ridge discontinuity with enhanced melt supply at crustal levels. Our P wave velocity model obtained from tomographic inversion of âź70,000 crustal first arrival travel times suggests that the geometry of extrusive emplacement are significantly different beneath the overlapping spreading limbs. Extrusive volcanic rocks above the western melt sill are inferred to be thin (âź250 m). More extensive accumulation of extrusives is inferred to the west than to the east of the western melt sill. The extrusive layer inferred above the eastern melt sill thickens from âź350 (at the neovolcanic axis) to 550 m (to the west of the melt sill). Volcanic construction is likely to be significant in the formation of ridge crest morphology at the OSC, particularly at the tip of the eastern limb. On the basis of our interpretation of the velocity model, we propose that enhanced magma supply at crustal levels at the OSC may provide an effective mechanism for the migration of ridge discontinuities. This âdynamic magma supply modelâ may explain the commonly observed nonsteady migration pattern of ridge discontinuities by attributing this to the temporal fluctuations in melt availability to the overlapping spreading limbs
Transfer measurements for the Ti plus Ni systems at near barrier energies
Large enhancements have been observed in the sub-barrier fusion cross sections for Ti + Ni systems in our previous studies. Coupled channel calculations incorporating couplings to 2(+) and 3(-) states failed to explain these enhancements completely. A possibilty of transfer channels contributing to the residual enhancements had been suggested. In order to investigate the role of relevant transfer channels, measurements of one- and two-nucleon transfer were carried out for Ti-46,Ti-48 + Ni-64 systems. The present paper gives the results of these studies
Dieterici gas as a Unified Model for Dark Matter and Dark Energy
The dominance of dark energy in the universe has necessitated the
introduction of a repulsive gravity source to make q0 negative. The models for
dark energy range from a simple lambda-term to quintessence, Chaplygin gas,
etc. We look at the possibility of how change of behaviour of missing energy
density, from DM to DE, may be determined by the change in the equation of
state of a background fluid instead of a form of potential. The question of
cosmic acceleration can be discussed within the framework of theories which do
not necessarily include scalar fields.Comment: 9 pages, 38 equation
Standard addition method based on four-way PARAFAC decomposition to solve the matrix interferences in the determination of carbamate pesticides in lettuce using excitationâemission fluorescence data
The simultaneous determination of two carbamate pesticides (carbaryl and carbendazim) and of the degradation product of carbaryl (1-naphthol) in iceberg lettuce was achieved by means of PARAFAC decomposition and excitationâemission fluorescence matrices. A standard addition method for a calibration based on four-way data was applied using different dilutions of the extract from iceberg lettuce as a fourth way that provided the enough variation of the matrix to carry out the four-way analysis. A high fluorescent overlapping existed between the three analytes and the fluorophores of the matrix. The identification of two fluorescent matrix constituents through the four-way model enabled to know the matrix contribution in each dilution of the extract. This contribution was subtracted from the previous signals and a subsequent three-way analysis was carried out with the tensors corresponding to each dilution. The PARAFAC decomposition of these resulting tensors showed a CORCONDIA index equal to 99%. For the identification of the analytes, the correlation between the PARAFAC spectral loadings and the reference spectra has been used. The trueness of the method, in the concentration range studied, was guaranteed because there was neither constant nor proportional bias according to the appropriate hypothesis tests. The best recovery percentages were obtained with the data from the most diluted extract, being the results: 127.6% for carbaryl, 125.55% for carbendazim and 87.6% for 1-naphthol. When the solvent calibration was performed, the decision limit (CCÎą) and the capability of detection (CCβ) values, in x0=0, were 2.21 and 4.38 Îźg Lâ1 for carbaryl, 4.87 and 9.64 Îźg Lâ1 for carbendazim; and 3.22 and 6.38 Îźg Lâ1 for 1-naphthol, respectively, for probabilities of false positive and false negative fixed at 0.05. However, these values were 5.30 and 10.49 Îźg Lâ1 for carbaryl, 18.05 and 35.73 Îźg Lâ1 for carbendazim; and 1.92 and 3.79 Îźg Lâ1 for 1-naphthol, respectively, when the matrix-matched calibration using the most diluted extract was carried out in the recovery study.Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competitividad(CTQ2011-26022)
and JuntadeCastillayLeĂłn(BU108A11-2)
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